Two years into President Bola Tinubu’s administration, security experts have acknowledged notable strides in Nigeria’s fight against insecurity. However, they also expressed concerns about the effectiveness, sustainability, and transparency of the strategies deployed—particularly in light of the substantial budgetary allocations to the defence sector.
Security analysts Mr. Seyi Babaeko and Professor Freedom Onuoha shared their assessments in separate interviews with the Voice Of the People (VOP) on Friday in Lagos.
Their evaluations come against the backdrop of President Tinubu’s record ₦49.74 trillion 2025 national budget, presented to the National Assembly in December 2024. Dubbed “The Restoration Budget: Securing Peace, Rebuilding Prosperity”, it represented a 41.9% increase over the previous year, with the Ministry of Defence receiving the largest allocation of ₦4.91 trillion.
Progress Acknowledged, but Challenges Persist
Mr. Babaeko, Managing Director of Absolute Security and Advance Protocol Ltd, commended the administration’s commitment to prioritising national security under the Renewed Hope Agenda. He noted that while there had been commendable efforts, the results had yet to reflect the scale of investment.
“Based on Nigeria’s security index trends from 2007 to 2024, there have been improvements,” Babaeko said. “President Tinubu and the broader security apparatus deserve recognition for their strategic leadership and efforts toward national unity. However, the impact of these efforts is still evolving.”
He highlighted ongoing threats from groups such as Boko Haram, ISWAP, and various armed bandit groups, adding that much work remains to be done.
Prof. Onuoha, Coordinator of the Security, Violence, and Conflict Research Group at the University of Nigeria, agreed that while Tinubu had sustained military resourcing, Nigeria’s security situation remains largely unchanged.
“Violent threats have defined Nigeria’s security landscape for the past two decades,” Onuoha noted. “While Tinubu inherited many of these challenges, his administration deserves credit for maintaining support for the military. However, kinetic responses alone are insufficient.”
Call for Transparency and Independent Reviews
Onuoha called for a comprehensive, independent review of ongoing military operations to evaluate their success and failures. This, he said, would inform future strategies and allow for reforms based on evidence and lessons learned.
“There has been significant public expenditure on security, but little transparency on outcomes,” he said. “We need high-level investigations into how resources are used, to determine whether the country is getting value for money and to identify potential leakages.”
He also flagged growing concerns over the resurgence of Boko Haram, which now appears to be deploying high-tech gadgets such as drones, night vision goggles, and even satellite internet via Starlink.
“These advancements are increasing the group’s operational capabilities,” Onuoha warned. “The military must respond by procuring advanced counter-IED systems, drone-jamming equipment, and other critical technologies.”
Beyond Firepower: A Case for Good Governance and Technology
Both experts emphasized that a holistic approach—incorporating non-kinetic strategies and governance reforms—was crucial to addressing the root causes of insecurity, including poverty, unemployment, and inequality.
Onuoha advocated for an aggressive anti-corruption stance, beginning with the public service, and described corruption as a national security threat.
“To free up resources and restore public trust, the government must treat corruption with the seriousness of treason,” he argued.
Babaeko added that advanced technology, particularly Artificial Intelligence (AI), must be deployed to complement traditional security infrastructure.
“AI-powered tools can enhance surveillance, detect early threats, analyze crime patterns, and support decision-making,” he said. “They can also serve as secure platforms for citizens to report incidents and receive safety guidance.”
He recommended a hybrid approach—merging technological innovations with community intelligence—to create a real-time, responsive national security framework.
Strengthening Community Policing and Infrastructure
Babaeko further stressed the importance of investing in modern equipment, expanding training programs, and enhancing the visibility of security personnel in high-risk areas.
“Town hall meetings, youth engagement, and local watch groups can improve trust between communities and security agencies,” he said. “Meanwhile, investments in street lighting, CCTV systems, and public education campaigns are essential to making public spaces safer.”
He concluded that national security is deeply tied to economic and social well-being.
“Insecurity isn’t just about crime; it’s rooted in unemployment, inequality, and lack of opportunity. Lasting peace will require youth empowerment, job creation, and inclusive governance,” Babaeko said.
Conclusion: Commitment Strong, But Reforms Needed
In summary, both experts agree that while Tinubu’s administration has shown serious intent—evidenced by historic funding and strategic focus—the path to lasting security lies in structural reforms, technological innovation, and governance rooted in accountability.
Without these pillars, they caution, progress will remain fragile and short-lived.
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